• The two most important biological machineries

  2020-12-03

  

  The two most important biological machineries controlling proteostasis, PQC, and degradation are autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) (). Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent, tightly regulated catabolic process that degrades unwanted cell organelles and cytoplasmic constituents in lysos

• Dysfunction of the ubiquitin proteasome system causes abnorm

  2020-12-03

  

  Dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system causes abnormal organelle morphology and impairs sperm formation and maturation steps resulting in male infertility [[7], [8], [9]]; this indicates that ubiquitination is essential for spermatogenesis and sperm function during fertilization. β-catenin i

• Neurons in the striatum unlike those in

  2020-12-03

  

  Neurons in the striatum, unlike those in the Tacrolimus sale and cerebellum, do not form a layered or columnar structure. Although they appear to be randomly distributed, they are actually scattered in two embryologically different compartments called striosomes (often referred to as “patches” in ro

• One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of

  2020-12-03

  

  One of the hallmarks of the terminal stages of apoptosis is the fragmentation of chromosomal DNA that proceeds in a two-step manner: the DNA is initially cleaved into 50–300kb fragments and eventually into oligonucleosomal pieces [12], [13]. The two major apoptotic nucleases are DNA fragmentation fa

• Two parameters were extracted from these experiments to comp

  2020-12-03

  

  Two parameters were extracted from these experiments to compare the interactions of the three compounds with ct-DNA. The association constant K for the binding of the naphthalimide derivatives to ct-DNA was calculated by fitting the evolution of the fluorescence spectra with a 1:1 binding model usin

• DGK is highly expressed in skeletal muscle which is a

  2020-12-03

  

  DGKδ is highly expressed in skeletal muscle [7], which is a primary target of insulin for glucose disposal [14]. Notably, Chibalin et al. reported that DGKδ contributes to hyperglycemia-induced peripheral insulin resistance and that decreased protein levels of DGKδ in skeletal muscle attenuated gluc

• As a functional ETC is required for

  2020-12-03

  

  As a functional ETC is required for DHODH catalysis (Loffler, Jockel, Schuster, & Becker, 1997; Rawls, Knecht, Diekert, Lill, & Loffler, 2000; Zameitat, Freymark, Dietz, Loffler, & Bolker, 2007), DHODH depends on the mitochondrial ETC to generate adequate concentrations of ubiquinone (Fig. 2). Cells

• Here we examine the associations between serum pro

  2020-12-03

  

  Here, we examine the associations between serum pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cognitive functioning in early-stage bipolar I disorder (BDI) patients. As per previous studies, ‘early-stage’ was defined as being within three years of the first manic episode (Kauer-Sant'Anna et al., 2009). We

• Dexamethasone DEX a potent synthetic glucocorticoid drug is

  2020-12-03

  

  Dexamethasone (DEX), a potent synthetic glucocorticoid drug, is effective for treatment of a range of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as well as the reduction of side effects associated with chemotherapy. On the Czech Republic pharmaceutical market, DEX is incorporated into eighteen drugs use

• The in vitro enantioselective metabolism of pesticides

  2020-12-03

  

  The in vitro enantioselective metabolism of pesticides has been investigated by employing human liver microsomes, which are a reliable resource to perform MCL enantioselective risk assessment in humans (Carrão et al., 2019; de Albuquerque et al., 2018, 2016; Yao et al., 2016). The enantioselective m

• Carnitine acetyltransferase CrAT transesterifies short chain

  2020-12-03

  

  Carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT) transesterifies short-chain acyl-CoAs, and is located both in mitochondria and peroxisomes. In yeasts and mammals this protein is the product of a single gene [20,21] and the sorting to different organelles is evolutionary conserved, although the mechanism of diffe

• Using characteristic features of ECM proteins and a computat

  2020-12-02

  

  Using characteristic features of ECM proteins and a computational pipeline combining interrogation of protein and gene databases, we previously defined the matrisome as the ensemble of ECM and ECM-associated proteins [[16], [17], [18]]. In mammals, the matrisome represents 4% of the genome, or appro

• br Materials and methods br Results Recombinant N terminally

  2020-12-02

  

  Materials and methods Results Recombinant, N-terminally His6-tagged vCPH was purified to near homogeneity via a modification of the reported procedure and its identity confirmed by intact protein mass spectrometry (Supplementary Fig. 1). As reported, vCPH catalysed two hydroxylations of a PAPK

• In BBR was reported to

  2020-12-02

  

  In 2004, BBR was reported to increase LDL receptor (LDLR) gene expression by stabilizing LDLR mRNA [4]. Following this report, the same groups conducted additional studies predominantly in HepG2 cells, with similar effects being observed [8], [11], [12], [4]. In addition to LDLR-mediated LDL cholest

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion For

  2020-12-02

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion For many years, oral PDE5-Is have been prescribed as an on-demand regimen for treating ED. Several studies have reported on the efficacy and safety of such a regimen, with an overall efficacy rate of 60–70% [21]. However, many patients complain of a

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